fix: mark TEXT as the preferred SQL_VARCHAR type-info row

[adwk67]

What this changes

stackable-odbc-core now orders SQLGetTypeInfo rows that share a DATA_TYPE by a driver-marked preferred row before
TYPE_NAME (see the core PR). SQLite's only shared DATA_TYPE is SQL_VARCHAR (TEXT and VARCHAR); this marks
TEXT, SQLite's own storage class, as preferred, so an application taking the first row as its CAST target gets
TEXT. sqlite_bare_type_name still answers "" for a column declared VARCHAR(50): a column's own name is a
separate question from the type-info ranking (comment updated).

Core is pinned to 23f055e by a TEMPORARY rev; switch both Cargo.toml entries to the core release tag before
merging. That release also contains the character → SQL_C_INTERVAL_* conversion, which affects SQLite text
columns read as interval C types (previously 07006).

Spec basis

SQLGetTypeInfo: "ordered by DATA_TYPE and then by how closely the data type maps to the corresponding ODBC SQL data
type" — https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/odbc/reference/syntax/sqlgettypeinfo-function

Checklist

• pre-commit run --all-files passes (16/16, 2026-10-09, with the core pin 53e5a89).
• CHANGELOG.md has a "Changed" entry under ## [Unreleased] for the new SQLGetTypeInfo order.
• Tests: every_shared_data_type_has_one_preferred_row (unit) and get_type_info_leads_sql_varchar_with_text
  (FFI).

Notes for the reviewer

• Pinned to the first core commit (23f055e); the later core commits on that branch need no SQLite change, but the
  pin should move to the release tag together with the Trino driver's.

Update 2026-10-09

• 151ff5e docs: CHANGELOG.md entry for the preferred TEXT row.
• chore: core pin 23f055e → 53e5a89, the same core commit as the Trino driver. It brings the
  later core changes (character and exact numeric → SQL_C_INTERVAL_*, 22015 for oversized interval fields); none
  needs SQLite code changes. With the new pin: cargo test --locked 298 passed, pre-commit run --all-files 16/16.
• chore: core pin → release tag v0.1.1 (same code as 53e5a89). Re-verified: 298 passed, pre-commit 16/16.

🤖 Generated with Claude Code

[maltesander]

LGTM!